1. “I will need to work very long hours tomorrow.”

(“Tôi sẽ cần phải làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày mai.”)

He explained that he would need to work very long hours the next day/ the following day.

(Anh ấy giải thích rằng anh ấy sẽ cần phải làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày hôm sau.)

Giải thích: đổi “will” => “would”, đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “he”, trạng từ chỉ thời gian “tomorrow” => “the next day/ the following day”

2. “We are taking the bus to school.”

(“Chúng tôi đang đi xe buýt đến trường.”)

They said that they were taking the bus to school.

(Họ nói rằng họ đang đi xe buýt đến trường.)

Giải thích: lùi thì hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn, đại từ nhân xưng “We” => “they”

3. “I’ll try to get 100% on tests at school.”

(“Tôi sẽ cố gắng đạt 100% trong các bài kiểm tra ở trường.”)

Jane promised that she would try to get 100% on tests at school.

(Jane hứa rằng cô ấy sẽ cố gắng đạt 100% trong các bài kiểm tra ở trường.)

Giải thích: đổi “will” => “would”, đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “she”

4. “I don’t want to eat any more vegetables.”

(“Con không muốn ăn bất kỳ loại rau nào nữa.”)

Susan told her mom that she didn’t want to eat any more vegetables.

(Susan nói với mẹ rằng cô ấy không muốn ăn bất kỳ loại rau nào nữa.)

Giải thích: lùi thì hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn, đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “she”

5. “I’m going to buy a better laptop next year.”

(“Tôi sẽ mua một máy tính xách tay tốt hơn vào năm tới.”)

(I said that I was going to buy a better laptop the next year/ the following year.

(Tôi đã nói rằng tôi sẽ mua một chiếc máy tính xách tay tốt hơn vào năm tới.)

Giải thích: đổi “am going to” => “was going to”, trạng từ chỉ thời gian “next year” => “the next year/ the following year”

1. Mary asked me:” Why do you want this expensive hat?”

2. The father asked the young girl:” Where do you want to go?”

3. Ann asked me:” Do you cook me a Vietnamese meal?”

4. Eric wondered:” Do you want to do homework with me?”

5. I asked the lady:” Where do you come from?”

1. Mary asked me why I wanted that expensive hat.

=> Mary asked me “_________Why do you want this expensive hat?_______________________”

2. The father asked the young girl where she wanted to go.

=> The father asked the young girl “____Where do you want to go?____________________________”

3. Ann asked me if I could cook her a Vietnamese meal.

=> Ann asked me “_______Can you cook me a Vietnamese meal?_________________________”

4. Eric wondered whether I wanted to do homework with him.

=> Eric wondered “__________Do you want to do homework with me?_____________________”

5. I asked the lady where she came from.

=> I asked the lady “__________Where do you come from?______________________”

Change direct speech into reported speech. Begin each of the sentences in the way shown.

1) He said to me,”You took the money.”

He accused ____________ me of taking the money_________________________

       2) The teacher said to Jim, “Would you give your book to Mary please?”

 The teacher asked ________ Jim to give his book to Mary______________________

2) The student said,”I’m sorry I’m late.”

The student apologized ________  for being late____________________

3) Boddy’s father said to him, “Don’t forget to brush your teeth.”

Boddy’s father reminded ___________him to brush his teeth_______________

4) “I’ve always wanted to become a doctor,” 

Helen saidHelen has always dreamed _______of becoming a doctor________________

5) The nurse said to me, “You should consult a dermatologist.”

The nurse advised ______________me to consult a dermatologist._______________________

6) “Don’t touch the hot plate,” 

I said to AnnI warned ____________________anna not to touch the hot plate___________________________

7) The fire chief said, “Everyone must leave the building immediate ly.”

The fire chief ordered _____to leave the building immediately___________________________

8) The man said to the hunters, “Everyone stopped hunting and killing animals.”

The man prevented _________the hunters from hunting and killing animals________________________

9) The instructor said to the students, “You’ll have exactly one hour to complete the exam.

The instructor warned ___________the students to have exactly one hour to complete the exam___________________

1. She told him to get her another cup of coffee.

2. Her mother told her to open the window.

3. She asked Tan to be careful.

4. Ha told Lan to switch the lights on

5. She required the boys not to play on the grass

6. She told John to stop smoking

7. Ha asked me not to make so much noise

8. He requested me to close the door behind me.

9. She told me not to open the window.

10. He asked her to lend him her pen

1. “I like English very much”   She said
She said  that__she liked English very much__
2. “We went out last week ”  he said
He said that  __they had gone out the previous week___________
3. “I’m learning English ” Nga said
Nga said that ___she was learning English________
4. “I was waiting for the bus when he arrived” She said
She said that ___she had been waiting for the bus when he had arrived______

5. “I come from Thanh Hoa city” he said
He said ____he came from Thanh Hoa city___
6. “I didn’t go to the party”  she said
She said ____she hadn't gone to the party____
7. “Nam will come later” He said
He said __Nam would come later___
8. “I haven’t eaten breakfast” She said
She said __she hadn't eaten breakfast____
9. “I can help you tomorrow” she said
She said __she could help me the next day___

10. “I am very happy” : She said
She said ___she was very happy_____

1) "I live in New York."  →She said .......she lived in New York........................................

2) "Julie doesn't like going out much."  →She said ................Julie didn't like going out much.....................

3) "We're working."  →He told me ......they were working.....................................

4) "I went to the cinema yesterday."  →He told me ...........he had gone to the cinema the day before...........................

5) "He didn't like chocolate as a child."  →He told me ............he hadn't liked chocolate as a child........................

6) "They visited Japan."  →He told me .....they had visited Japan..................................

7) "Richard won't drink coffee."  →She said .......Richard wouldn't drink coffee..............................

8) "I was waiting for the bus when he arrived."  →She said that ..........she had been waiting for the bus when he arrived...................

9) "He could read when he was three."  →She said that...........he could read when he had been three............................

           Exercise III. Rewrite the sentences using reported speech.

1. Nam said "I am told to be at school before 7 o'clock"

___Nam said he was told to be at school before 7o'clock___________________________________________

2. Thomas said "All the students will have a meeting next week"

_____Thomas said all the students would have a meeting the next week_________________________________________

3. She said "My parents are very proud of my good marks"

______She said her parents were very proud of her good marks________________________________________

4. The teacher said "All the homework must be done carefully"

______The teacher said all the homework had to be done carefully________________________________________

5. Her father said to her "You can go to the movie with your friend"

_____Her father told her she could go to the movie with her friend_________________________________________

6. She said "I may visit my parents in summer"

__She said she might visit her parents in summer____________________________________________

7. The teacher said "We can collect old book for the poor students"

_____The teacher said they could collect old books for the poor students_________________________________________

8. She said "I don't buy this book"

______She said she didn't buy that book________________________________________

9. The boys said "We have to try our best to win the match"

____The boy said they had to try their best to win the match__________________________________________

I->she

is->was

tomorrow->the following day

is->was

need->needed

1. Sửa: “I” => “she”

“I'm in good shape,” Elena said.

(“Tôi đang có vóc dáng khoẻ mạnh,” Elena nói.)

→ Elena said that she was in good shape.

(Elena nói rằng cô ấy đang đang có vóc dáng khoẻ mạnh.)

Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “she”

2. Sửa: “is” => “was”

“My sister is drinking orange juice.” Trúc said. 

(“Em gái tôi đang uống nước cam ”. Trúc nói.)

→ Trúc said that her sister was drinking orange juice.

(Trúc nói rằng em gái cô đang uống nước cam.)

Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn, đổi tính từ sở hữu “My” => “her”

3. Sửa: “tomorrow” => “the following day / the next day”

“I will work very long hours tomorrow.” John decided. 

(“Tôi sẽ làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày mai.” John quyết định.)

→ John decided that he would work very long hours the following day / the next day.

(John quyết định rằng anh ấy sẽ làm việc nhiều giờ vào ngày hôm sau.)

Giải thích: lùi thì: “will” => “would”, đổi trạng từ “tomorrow” => “the following day / the next day”

4. Sửa: “is” => “was”

“I'm planning to change my diet,” Stephen explained. 

(“Tôi đang lên kế hoạch thay đổi chế độ ăn uống của mình,” Stephen giải thích.)

→ Stephen explained that he was planning to change his diet.

(Stephen giải thích rằng anh đang lên kế hoạch thay đổi chế độ ăn uống của anh ta.)

Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại tiếp diễn => quá khứ tiếp diễn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “I” => “he”, tính từ sở hữu “my” => “his”

5. Sửa: “need” => “needed”

“You need to see the doctor immediately!” Clark said. 

(“Bạn cần đến gặp bác sĩ ngay lập tức!” Clark nói.)

→ Clark said that I needed to see the doctor immediately.

 (Clark nói rằng tôi cần đến gặp bác sĩ ngay lập tức.)

Giải thích: lùi thì: hiện tại đơn => quá khứ đơn, đổi đại từ nhân xưng “You” => “I”

1. Kinh said “ I can play Basketball”

_ Kinh said that......he could play basketball.....................

2. Lan said “ I am (not) a student”

_ Lan sai that.........she was (not) a student...........,..........

3. They said “ we are happy”

_ They said that....they were happy.................

4. He said “ I will pass the house”

_ He said that.......he would pass the house.......................

5. Na said “ I  must clean the house

” _ Na said that.......she had to clean the house.......................

6. Nam said “ I go to school on foot ”

_ Nam said that..............he went to school on foot. ...........

7. Na said “ I don't watch TV in the evening ”

_ Nga said that she didn't watch TV in the..........evening..................

8. “ Do you like English? ” he said to me

_ He asked me If/whether...I liked ENglish..........................

9. “ Are you a new student here ” they said to me

_ They asked me if/whether.......I was a new student there..,..................

10. “ Can you come back home next week? ” We said to her.

_ We asked her if...she could come back home the following week............. 

-------------------------------

Câu gián tiếp

1, Lùi thì

2, Đổi trạng ngữ

3, Các dạng

a, Dạng câu kể: S+said/told/said to O+that+S(đổi ngôi nếu cần)+V(lùi thì)+.................

b, Dạng yes/no: S+asked/wanted to know/wondered+if/whether+S(đổi ngôi nếu cần)+V(lùi thì)+............

c, Dạng Wh-questions: S+asked/wanted to know/wondered+wh-question+S(đổi ngôi nếu cần)+V(lùi thì)+............

d, Dạng mệnh lệnh: S+told/asked+O+to V+..........

4, Các trường hợp không lùi thì

-Nếu câu gián tiếp nói về sự thật hiển nhiên, chân lý

-Khi tường thuật câu điều kiện loại 2, loại 3

-Khi tường thuật hành động đang xảy ra thì hành động khác xen vào(quá khứ tiếp diễn kết hợp quá khứ đơn)

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